Hard water is frequently unsuitable for many industrial and domestic purpose. when water is referred to as ‘had”‘ if simply means, that it contains excess of calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) Ions than normal water.
Carbonate hardness is known as temporary hardness and non-carbonate hardness in known as permanent hardness. the degree of hardness of the water increase, when more calcium and magnesium ions are dissolves. These ions have their origins in limestone sediment and also from carbon dioxide which is present in all waters exposed to the atmosphere and especially in ground water. the easiest way to soft the hard water is through Ion exchange process.
